Cornea Damage, Problems and Treatment

The cornea is the clear, round outer layer of the eye. It covers a number of parts such as the pupil, iris, and anterior chamber. The main function of the cornea is to refract the light.It also protects your eyes from dirt, bacteria, and ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun. The cornea is responsible for approximately two-thirds of the eye’s optical performance. Without the cornea, functional vision is impossible.

Corneal diseases are a group of diseases that affect the cornea (the clear window in front of the eye). The most common forms include keratitis, corneal dystrophy, and corneal ectasia. It can bring a range of genetic mutations to eye injuries. In that condition, you need to check up with the eye doctor in Kottivakkam Chennai.

Symptoms of corneal problems include:

• Eye pain
• Sensitivity to light Blurred vision
• Bloodshot or bloodshot eyes
• Watery eyes
• Pus or discharge from the eyes

Some common conditions that affect the cornea are-

• Injuries
• Allergies
• Chemical injuries
• Contact lens problems
• Foreign bodies.

The cornea plays an important role in vision.  Its main role is to help the eye focus.The cornea has a slight curvature.When light enters the eye, it is refracted (bended) by the shape of the cornea.This curve helps the eye focus on objects near or far. Do the check up at the eye doctor in Kottivakkam.

Different Layers of Cornea

The cornea is made up of several  layers –

• Epithelium: The epithelium is the outer layer of the cornea preventing substances from entering the eyes. It absorbs oxygen and some nutrients from tears.
• Bowman’s Layer: This thin layer connects the epithelium to the next layer, the stroma.
• Stroma: The thickest layer of the cornea lies behind the epithelium. It is composed of water and protein. The stroma is elastic (stretchable) but firm. The corneal stroma gives the cornea its curved shape.
• Descemet’s membrane: This thin layer separates the stroma from the endothelium.
• Endothelium: This single cell layer lies between the interstitium and the aqueous humor.Aqueous humor is the clear fluid in front of your eyes.The endothelium acts as a pump, removing excess water that cannot be absorbed by the interstitium.

Cornea problems

• Dry Eye: Some people’s eyes can’t produce enough tears. When the cornea is affected, dry eye can cause discomfort and vision problems.
• Keratitis: Keratitis can be caused by infection or inflammation. Contact lense is the most common cause of keratitis.
• Scratches: Small corneal abrasions (scratches) and other corneal injuries usually heal on their own.
• Deeper corneal scars and eye damage can cause scarring and vision loss if untreated.
• Corneal Dystrophy: More than 20 diseases are classified as corneal dystrophies. These diseases include keratoconus and Fuchs’ dystrophy. It can cause structural problems to the cornea.
• Rare Corneal Problems: There are many other corneal diseases, including ocular herpes, which is a viral eye infection.

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